AC modules work by integrating an inverter directly into the solar panel itself. Here’s a step-by-step explanation of how AC modules work:

1.Solar Generation: AC modules consist of solar cells that convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity, similar to traditional solar panels. The solar cells within the AC module generate DC electricity when exposed to sunlight.

2.Integrated Inverter: Unlike traditional solar panels, AC modules have an inverter integrated into the panel. The inverter’s role is to convert the DC electricity generated by the solar cells into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is the type of electricity used in most homes and businesses. The integrated inverter is typically a microinverter or a power optimizer.

3.AC Output: Once the DC electricity is converted into AC electricity by the integrated inverter, it is available as AC output directly from the AC module. The AC electricity can be used to power electrical loads in your home or business, or it can be fed into the electrical grid.

4.Plug-and-Play Installation: AC modules are designed for easy installation. They often come with a plug or connector that can be directly connected to a standard electrical outlet or a dedicated circuit. This eliminates the need for complex wiring and separate mounting of the inverter, simplifying the installation process.

5.Grid Connection: The AC electricity generated by the AC module can be connected directly to the electrical grid. It can be used to power your electrical loads, reducing your reliance on grid electricity. If the AC module generates excess electricity, it can be fed back into the grid, often through a net metering arrangement, where you receive credits for the electricity you contribute.

6.Monitoring and Control: AC modules often come with built-in monitoring and control capabilities. These features allow you to monitor the performance of each AC module individually and the overall system. You can track energy production, monitor system health, and identify any issues or inefficiencies.

AC modules simplify the installation process by integrating the inverter into the solar panel, reducing the need for additional equipment and wiring. They also offer benefits such as panel-level MPPT, improved system performance, and enhanced safety features. However, it’s important to consult with a professional solar installer to ensure that AC modules are suitable for your specific needs and circumstances.